The Traffic Conjestion Problem In Sri Lanka Tourism Essay

The profession Conjestion Problem In Sri Lanka Tourism EssaySri Lanka is an island in the Indian naval in sec Asia, 65 610 squ be kilo meters in atomic number 18a, divided into nine administrative provinces where population of approximately 21 million in 2009. The kingdom measures about 400 kilometers from North to South and 250 km from East to West. The come up length of routeway in Sri Lanka is 112,603 km in 2009. The number of vehicles in Sri Lanka in 2009 is 2,245,108. By 1948, when Sri Lanka became independent, there were about 11,000 km of roadstead, of which about 7,000 km were paved. Sri Lanka has a road ne devilrk of about 112,603km, comprising about 11,760 km of national roads 15,743 km of provincial roads 80,600 km of local authority roads and 4,500 km of roads owned or controlled by irrigation, wildlife, and land development authorities. These national highways correspond roads that argon categorized as correct A and B roads, the highest categories in Sri Lankas r oad hierarchy. Provincial roads argon categorized as Class C, D, and E roads. While the capacity of local and rural roads has been expanded since 1948, most of the trunk roads date back to pre-independence years and their capacity has survive inadequate owing in part to neglected maintenance. Road conditions ar generally poor.Roads are the spine of the transport heavens in Sri Lanka. They are crucial for the movement of people and goods and play a vital role in integrating the country, facilitating economic growth, and ultimately reducing poverty. National roads are holding over 70 percent of the relations in Sri Lanka. Roads are very classic for the large majority of Sri Lankas people who live in the villages. They are often the only way for most rural people to reach necessary services such as hospitals, schools, markets, and banks, which are mostly find far from their villages.1.2 Problem BackgroundThe facility of smooth barter movement is an ornament as well as an asset t o any city. But large(p) city of Sri Lanka is facing a adult problem with traffic problem. Traffic problem has aggravated by the attention of all forms economic, commercial and administrative functions in the city.The city of Colombo attracts about 1.5 Million floating population on a working day and with the addition of the resident population in the city. The total population in the city increases to to a greater extent than 2 Million during the daytime. It is estimated that about 50% of the commuting population arrives in the city for employment or to bring together in commercial activities and or to attend educational institutions. The rest comes to the city for various other purposes.Commuting population are used various forms of theodolite to enter the city. Both the number of vehicles and the passengers entering the City are increasing year by year. Traffic congestion is frequently increasing as more than and more people buy vehicles. At the same time the residential pop ulation and the ownership of vehicles within the city limits will also experience a remarkable growth. Vehicles are entering to the City from 9 entry points on working days have been estimated to be around 275,000, and this is in addition to the contribution to the traffic floor by the use of vehicles of the residents in the city. The combination of these aspects outcome is a greater attraction of the city for people from the rest of the country thus aggravating the transport problem in the city of Colombo.2. Reasons for traffic congestionThe number of vehicles in the city is not the only factor that contributes to congestion. in that respect are several other reasons for this traffic congestion.2.1 The current traffic signal networkA signal operation system is essential to road efficiency. There are so many roundabouts and crossroads where no traffic signals are installed in every place. These places are famous for traffic blocks since many motorists and pedestrians do not watc h out the prevalent rules. Pedestrians are crossed roads without regular intervals and using hand signals. It seems that the current traffic signal network in Colombo is insufficient to harbor massive amounts of traffic mountain.2.2 The current road systemMassive highways, many bridges, and tunnels cannot be found all over the country like South Korea. roughly of the roads are small and narrow.The conditions and standards of the roads are inadequate to meet rapidly growing freight and passenger traffic.More than 50% of the national roads have poor or very poor surface condition and many are seriously congested. The scope for widening roads on quick alignments is peculiar(a) mainly because of land acquisition issues.2.3 Inadequate investmentDespite the substantial increases in traffic volume there have been inadequate investments for locution of new highways or widening and improving existing roads. Over the past years the investment in the road sector has been mainly determine d on the rehabilitation of the existing road network.2.4 Mixed traffic systemNational highways, which are generally two-lane, has been unable to carry the current volume of mixed traffic (pedestrians, bikes, buses, three-wheelers, and motor vehicles). Increasing traffic volumes and a traffic mix consisting of motorized and non-motorized traffic have resulted in low travel speeds, severe traffic congestions, and increase accident rates.2.5 Street vendorsThere are illegal constructions and street vendors are doing their businesses in roadsides. In most roads passage through roadsides is obstructed by these street vendors. Uncontrolled roadside development and businesses has reduced the capacity of the road network.2.6 Illegal parkingIllegal parking significantly contributes to congestion and impedes the traffic flow. Cities stay in Sri Lanka from unenforced driving and parking regulations. Although Vehicles parking in roadsides is illegal in the country most of motorists are parking their vehicles in roadsides reason for that is demarcation line of parking places.2.7 Sidewalks for pedestriansIn capital city, most of roads have constructed without sidewalks for pedestrians. When pedestrians are walking side on the road the existing roads have translated to as narrow roads.3. Data analysisIn this part has alludeed about most relevant data in connection with traffic congestion. Although South Korea has provided more facilities for their transport system they also are possessed problem with congestion. In South Koreans has enjoyed with many highways, bridges, tunnels, and express ways in connection with their transport system. In considering about traffic congestion can be considered as population, no of vehicles, no of accident and no of persons killed in accident are the most important factors. In the following data has been attention about compare information with South Korea and Sri Lanka.3.1 PopulationThe following table no 1 and figure no1 has include infor mation about population in thousand in two countries.Table no 1.Population in two countriesYear2000200120022003200420052006200720082009Sri Lanka Population(1000)18,71318,79718,92119,17319,46219,66819,88620,01020,15620,303South Korea population(1000)47,00847,35747,62247,85948,03948,13848,29748,45648,60748,747Source primal Bank of Sri Lankawww.iatss.or.jp/pdf/ look for/32/32-2-10Figure no 1.Population in two countriesSource Central Bank of Sri Lankawww.iatss.or.jp/pdf/research/32/32-2-10When considering about this information South Korea population is higher than Sri Lanka reason for that Sri Lanka is a small country than South Korea.3.2 No of registered vehiclesOther most important factor is no of registered vehicles in these two countries. In table no 2 and 3 are provided total no of vehicles in two countries.Table no 2. No of registered vehicle in South KoreaYearRegistered Vehicle(1000)Increasing invest(%)200112,9107.1200213,9508200314,5904.6200414,9302.4200515,4003.1200615,9003. 2200716,4303.4200816,7902.2Sourcewww.iatss.or.jp/pdf/research/32/32-2-10Table no 3. No of registered vehicle in Sri LankaYearRegistered Vehicle(1000)Increasing Rate(%)20011,77920021,8926.320032,0749.720042,29810.820052,5271020062,8281220073,12610.520083,3918.5Source Central Bank of Sri LankaFigure no 2.Registered vehicles in South KoreaSourcewww.iatss.or.jp/pdf/research/32/32-2-10Figure no 3.Registered vehicles in Sri LankaSource Central Bank of Sri LankaIn comparison with 2001 the no of vehicles has increased in 30% year 2008 in South Korea. There are 91% significant increment in Sri Lanka compare with 2001 and 2008. Although level of increased of total no of vehicles in both countries has decreased it is very significant in 2004 in South Korea.3.3 Traffic Accident in South KoreaIn the following tables and figures have been discussed about traffic accident volume and how many people killed by road accident in both countries.Table no 4.Traffic Accident in South KoreaYear200020012002 200320042005200620072008Traffic AccidentsVolume290,481260,579230,953240,832220,755214,171213,745211,662251,822PersonKilled10,2368,0977,0907,2126,5636,3766,3276,1665,870Sourcewww.iatss.or.jp/pdf/research/32/32-2-10Table no 5.Traffic Accident in Sri LankaYear200020012002200320042005200620072008Traffic Accidents Volume54,25052,09255,03159,49453,45842,53735,76333,99331,872Person Killed199219522029193321162236223824022328Source Central Bank of Sri LankaFigure no 4. Traffic Accident in South KoreaSourcewww.iatss.or.jp/pdf/research/32/32-2-10Figure no 5. Traffic Accident in Sri LankaSource Central Bank of Sri LankaAlthough traffic accident volume has been decreased up to 2007 there is a considerable increment in 2008 in South Korea. In comparison with 2007, the traffic volume has been increased in 19% in the year 2008. In considering about Sri Lanka information the highest accident volume has been reported in year 2003.The amount is 59,494 accidents. after(prenominal) 2003, there are nota ble decreased in the traffic volume of Sri Lanka.When concerned about no of killed person in accident there are big different with two country. Although in South Korea the no of killed person in accident has been decreased year by year the Sri Lanka situation is different. There has been reported a significant increment about no of person killed in accident.4. Solutions for problems4.1 Traffic signal networkTo respond traffic congestion in capital city must be established new traffic signals in every roundabout, cross road and necessary places. It will be considerable affected to reduce traffic congestion. The traffic signal network is established in 100% in the developed countries and many of other countries.4.2 Improve road infrastructure.It is necessary to construct a modern road network, and upgrade existing roads to meet the countrys economic and social development considers. In addition to the need for improving and rehabilitating deteriorated roads, there is an urgent need to embark on a program for the construction of new intercity highways. In considering about road infrastructure should concern about sidewalks and illegal constructions. It will be helped to facilitate more road space to the motorist on the road.4.3 Private sector investmentThe Government has limited capacity to finance public investments. Innovative financing strategies especially hush-hush sector investment will be needed to mobilize sufficient support for such highways. Using these funds can be improved road maintenance and construction and make road development sustainable. The organisation should promote private sector participation in road infrastructure improvement.4.4 Transport Planning and Coordination.Transport sector responsibilities in Sri Lanka have been widen over a ring of ministries and agencies, leading to a highly fragmented structure of decision-making. At present there are nine ministries with a direct responsibility for transport infrastructure. When pickings decisions regarding road infrastructure it have been affected for all these authorities. In the past decades, many decisions have not match and there are also big argument about these decisions.The Sri Lankan government should take necessary step to establish one institution from gathering these all relevant institutions to provide a unwrap transport services.5. Policy implementation5.1 A national policy regarding traffic signalThe traffic signals will helps to improve traffic flow on roads. These steps would ensure less traffic congestion and traffic accidents compare with previous situation.5.2 Private investmentAccording to current situation in the country, government should intend a national policy regarding private investment on the road infrastructure. Lack of finance situation in the government, this step will be helped to government to improve the road infrastructure in the country.5.3 Reduce responsible institutionsIn present there are several institutions in regarding road transport. It would not be good to taking the decisions. In considering that, can be arrange these all institutions under one policy regarding the road transportation.6. ConclusionThe efficiency of Sri Lankas transport sector has blocked by a variety of constraints. Sri Lanka depends on foreign trade and it can be increased by efficient transport network in the country. Globalization of trade has risen not only from the liberalization of trade, but also from major advances in communications, transport, and storage technologies. On time delivery of products and passengers has force a result of good transportation network. For travel of people and transportation of factors of production, semi-finished goods, and manufactured products will require efficient transport services. After following efficacious and efficient policies regarding transportation network can be achieved a better transport network in the country.